With the days now noticeably shorter, we turn to our interior greenscapes to lift our spirits through the dark days of winter.
While houseplant companions cheer up our homes, they too are feeling the effects of shorter days. Nobody understands this better than Darryl Cheng, author of The New Plant Parent. An engineer who has studied the relationship between houseplants and light, Cheng writes: “The impact of light cannot be overstated: No special fertilizer, distilled water or humidifiers will improve a houseplant in a poorly lit environment.”
Here are our top tips for ensuring the well-being of your cherished plants through the winter:
Light
Light is the big one during this limited-daylight time of year. Placing your tropical plants in south-facing, unobstructed windows is ideal, but there is also nothing wrong with adding artificial light. However, take note: Cheng advises that many agricultural-grade grow lights are likely overkill. “Most of the tropicals people are growing as houseplants have a lower light demand than the high-yielding vegetable crops those lights are built for,” he writes. “If you have a regular white LED bulb, your plants will get enough spectrum at enough intensity to survive.” Bear in mind this supplemental LED lighting is lower intensity than the sun, which can be compensated for with longer exposure — up to 12 hours a day won’t hurt — and with the efficiency of LED lights, there shouldn’t be too much cause for concern on your hydro bill.
Less moisture
The biggest cause for houseplant failure is too much love in the form of watering. Waterlogged potting soil will lead to root rot. If your plants are looking yellow or black and wilted, check to see if the soil is too wet by pushing your finger into the soil about three centimetres deep. Remove the dead foliage and repot into fresh, dry soil if necessary.
More moisture
Many of the tropical plants we enjoy in our home are native to humid, rainforest-like environments – basically the opposite of our dry Canadian homes during the winter. Orchids, majesty palm, begonias, and Boston fern are some that will benefit from a daily misting with room temperature water in a fine spray bottle, generally when the soil starts to appear dry. Keep an eye out for brown or dry leaf tips. Important note: Succulents, fiddle leaf fig, and spider plants are among those that do not benefit from misting and can end up with the symptoms of overwatering when misted. The easiest way to decide whether to mist your houseplants or not is to consider where they came from. Those native to the Mediterranean and Africa typically enjoy drier conditions than the lush tropical plants hailing from the rainforests of Southeast Asia and South America.
New Year diet program
Like many of us, the new year is a good time for indoor plants to cut back their food intake. Pay close attention — if there is new growth, continue fertilizing at a reduced rate. Most common houseplants slow down in the winter, so you can hold off fertilizing completely until early spring when you notice growth picking up again. In extreme cases, fertilizing in winter can turn soil salty and burn roots however, most often it is just a waste – the expensive fertilizer will end up flowing right through the soil.
The right steps
Canadian winters are hard on us all, but when we take the right steps to take care of our houseplants, they will in turn look after us.